Luncheonette at the northeast corner of Jay and Johnson Streets, July 19, 1959.

Commodore Barry Park, formerly known as 'City Park' is the oldest in Brooklyn. It was acquired by the Village of Brooklyn in 1836.

View north along the east side of Bridge street from the top of contractor's platform at Willoughby Street, May 28, 1923. Less than five years after this photograph was taken during the construction of the BMT Broadway line, this entire block looked drastically different. Between 1929 and1930 the New York Telephone Company constructed their Long Island headquarters here at the northeast corner of Bridge and Willoughby Streets. The 27-story Art Deco building was designed by Ralph Walker (the architect of number telecommunications buildings in New York). In 2008 the first apartments of a condo conversion came on the market for $1 million.

Eastward view along Willoughby Street towards Flatbush Avenue Extension, March 18, 1915. The building seen at right is the Brooklyn Department of Health. Today that corner remains a city health building but early 20th century structure has been replaced with a 1940 red brick, subtle Art Deco building. None of the buildings that lined the south side of Willoughby Street remain extant. In the distance stands the Prison Ship Martyrs Monument in Fort Greene Park.

Entrance to the New York Telephone Company Building, ca. 1995.

L. Sisskind Co. Glass and Glazing, 310 Bridge Street, July 26, 1959.

Former Bridge Street African Wesleyan Methodist Episcopal Church, 1959. The Bridge Street African Wesleyan Methodist Episcopal Church is the oldest African American congregation in the Brooklyn and Long Island area. Its origins date to 1766 and the open air Brooklyn sermons of Methodist convert Thomas Webb. The congregation became the Sands Street Wesleyan Methodist Episcopal Church and later the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Brooklyn, both mixed race communities. In 1817 the African American members withdrew from the community and went about establishing their own congregation called the African Wesleyan Methodist Episcopal Church (AWME), which first built a church near High and Jay Streets. In 1854 the growing AWME Church purchased a building previously occupied by the First Congregational Church at 309 Bridge Street. The church building they moved into was Greek Revival structure constructed between 1844 and 1847. The red brick church has wooden columns and entablature (the top decorative feature of a column). The Bridge Street church moved in 1938 to 277 Stuyvesant Avenue in Bedford-Stuyvesant, into the former home of the Grace Presbyterian Church, where it remains today. The red brick church on Bridge Street (now no. 311) is today the Wunsch Building of NYU’s Polytechnic Institute. The more than 150-year-old church is the admissions office and hosts social, cultural, and academic events.

Abandoned buildings on the north side of Johnson Street, between Jay and Lawrence Streets, July 19, 1959. No. 97 is the tallest, at center.

135 Johnson Street, 1931. Edward Weck & Co. was a cutlery manufacturer established in Brooklyn in 1890. Weck was a German immigrant who, according to evidence, was raised in a city known for its production of straight razors. Early on the company manufactured pocket knives, kitchen knives, and scissors, though they were best known for an early shavette-type razor called the Weck Sextoblade. They sold the products out of storefronts in Manhattan and Brooklyn, the equipment (which later included surgical instruments) was manufactured at this seven story building in Downtown Brooklyn. The company moved to Long Island City in late 1950s or early 1960s, and the building was demolished during the construction of MetroTech.

The intersection of Tillary Street and Park Avenue, 1941. The surrounding land had been cleared for the construction of the Fort Greene Houses (today the NYCHA Ingersoll Houses), completed in 1944. Soon after, the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway would be routed along Park Avenue to connect Downtown Brooklyn’s East River Bridge Crossings with Williamsburg and points north. The church visible in the background is the Church of St. Michael and St. Edward at 108 St. Edwards Street, near Myrtle Avenue.

One out of every seven WPA dollars was spent in New York City. Robert Moses oversaw the construction of 650 playgrounds while serving as the parks commissioner. These playgrounds, a rule-less respite for kids without backyards, are ubiquitous with WPA projects of the 1930's.

Jay Street between Johnson and Tillary Streets, July 19, 1959. No. 285 Jay Street (center, with three stone arches on the ground floor) housed a veterinary practice where, in 1901, a veterinary surgereon was fined $250 dollars for cruelty to animals.

Brooklyn Press Printing at No. 59 Lawrence Street, July 19, 1959.

Brooklyn approach to the Manhattan Bridge, The original Brooklyn approach to the Manhattan Bridge included two massive sculptures designed by Daniel Chester French. The 12 foot tall female figures symbolized the supposed attributes of the boroughs the bridge touched. Manhattan is prideful and powerful over money and world affairs, while Brooklyn is more artistic and education focused. The statues were removed in the 1960s, victims of Robert Moses vision. They now flank the entrance to the Brooklyn Museum. In December 2016, the city installed rotating, light-up replicas of the two ladies at Flatbush Avenue and Tillary Street. Otis Pearsall, a Brooklyn Heights preservationist was quoted as saying “This may prove to just be one of those stupid things or it could be kind of exciting, fun, and entertaining for the community — I’m hoping it’s the latter."

West side of Bridge Street between Myrtle Avenue and Johnson Street, October 4, 1959. No 304 is third from left.

The MetroTech Center is a large business and industrial hub in Downtown Brooklyn. Construction began in 1992, leading to the demolition of more than 100 houses and 50 businesses. Here, you can see what the streets looked like before MetroTech.

St. James Cathedral ca. 1936 In 1822, the small but growing Catholic community in Brooklyn sought a church, a pastor, and a burying ground of its own. On July 25, 1822, the cornerstone for the first Long Island Catholic church, St. James, was laid at Chapel and Jay Streets; the new building was consecrated a year later. A cemetery and a school soon followed. Under New York State law in effect through the 1830s, parish property was owned by an elected lay board of trustees. Lay trustees bought property, built the churches, schools, and related structures, and controlled the daily operations of the parishes.

Myrtle Avenue and the Myrtle Ave El, looking east from Navy Street, 1941. Opened in 1888, El service operated along Myrtle Avenue until 1969. Out of frame is the entrance to the Navy Street Station. At left, lots have been cleared for the construction of the Fort Greene Houses, later renamed the Ingersoll Houses after Brooklyn Borough President Raymond Ingersoll.

Dilapidated wood-frame houses on Lawrence Street, July 26, 1959. Photographer John D. Morrell's vantage point is roughly at the southwestern corner of the George Westinghouse Jr. High School (P.S. 5).

Boarded-up wood-frame houses on the east side of Lawrence Street, July 19, 1959. At far left is P.S. 5, which would become the George Westinghouse Vocational and Technical High School in 1963.

Abandoned wood-frame dwellings on Jay Street, between Johnson and Tillary Streets, July 19, 1959. The buildings were razed ahead of the 1962 construction of the New York City College of Technology's Klitgord Building, which was itself demolished in 2013. A new academic center designed by Perkins Eastman is presently under construction.

“St. Edwards Street, north from Auburn Place toward the Brooklyn Navy Yard. On the left, where Leo Place meets St. Edwards Street, is the Lattemen shoe factory. On the right is Public School No. 67. The dwellings preceding the school were later razed and an annex added to the school.” Out of frame to the left is the Church of St. Michael and St. Edward, 1927.

The Church of St. Michael and St. Edward was built between 1891-1906 at what was then the intersection of Canton and Division Streets (later St. Edwards Street and Leo Place). The Catholic church served a predominantly Irish and working-class congregation of local residents employed at the neighborhood’s factories, waterfront, and, during wartime, Navy Yard. In 2010, the diocese of Brooklyn closed the church, following years of declining attendance.

"Lawrence Street, west side, south of Johnson Street, showing Lawrence Street entrance and side view of Mayflower Branch of Plymouth Congregational Church. July 1, 1934."

No. 303 Pearl Street, on the east side of Pearl St. between Johnson and Tillary Streets, July 19, 1959. The sign above the doorway reads: "New York City College of Applied Arts and Sciences; Student Government Association." The school was founded in 1946, to address postwar demand for technically skilled workers. In 1953, it became the city's first community college, and was absorbed into the CUNY system in 1964. Today, Pearl Street no longer exists in much of Downtown Brooklyn, due to the development of MetroTech Center; the site of the former Student Government building is now part of the square-block including the New York City College of Technology's Namm Building.

General Exterminating Corp. at No. 24 Lawrence Street, July 26, 1959. This two-story brick structure, long-since razed for the MetroTech development, sat the southwest corner of Lawrence and Tillary streets, a site formerly occupied by an 1830s-era church. Built as the Second Baptist Church in 1834, the wood-frame structure was sold to the Free Presbyterian Church four years later. In 1845, that congregation elected to switch denominations, becoming Congregationalist. It is listed as a Congregational Methodist Church on an 1855 map. In response to Brooklyn's growing Polish population, Bishop Loughlin recruited Father Joseph Niedzielski of Cincinnati to become the pastor of the diocese's first Polish parish. The Tillary Street church was known as St. Casimir's from 1875 to 1890, when the parish outgrew its modest sanctuary. The humble church's next and final tenant was St. Michael the Archangel, a predominantly Italian parish. Al Capone, the infamous Chicago gangster, was born in Brooklyn and baptized at St. Michael's in January 1899. In 1942, St. Michael's merged with nearby St. Edward's in Fort Greene, leaving the 108-year-old church vacant.

Abandoned wood-frame dwellings at the corner of Bridge and Johnson Streets, July 26, 1959.

Wood-frame houses on Johnson Street, July 19, 1959.

“Flushing Avenue, south side, west from N. Elliott Place. At the left foreground between N. Elliott Place and St. Edwards Street are some old buildings soon to be demolished. Beyond St. Edwards Street is a city park. August 25, 1938.” The “city park,” now called Commodore Barry Park, was acquired by the Village of Brooklyn in 1836 and is the borough’s oldest park. Today, the Commodore Barry Park Pool sits just west of North Elliott Place.

First Free Congregational Church ARCHITECT: Unknown DATE: 1846-47 STYLE: Greek Revival The former First Free Congregational Church, with its simple, rectangular shape and temple front, is one of the few remaining examples of the vernacular Greek Revival building popular in the mid-nineteenth-century. The “Free” in the name refers to the policy of not charging a rental fee for its pews. The building has changed hands many times, and by 1854 it housed the oldest African American congregation in Brooklyn, which used the basement to hide escaping slaves. It is now the student center for the Polytechnic Institute of New York Universit

“St. Edwards Street, at the northeast corner of Auburn Place, showing the City Park branch of the Brooklyn Public Library. In the background is Cumberland Hospital; on the left Public School No. 67, 1940.” The predecessor to Walt Whitman Library (called the City Park Branch before 1943) opened in a storefront on Nassau and Bridge Streets in 1900. Eight years later, a beautiful new library, funded by philanthropist Andrew Carnegie, built in the Classical Revival style, and designed by Rudolph L. Daus, opened on St. Edwards Street in Fort Greene. The library was named for Whitman on the125th anniversary of his birth in 1943.

Men gathered outside 109 Willoughby Street, the parsonage of the St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church, October 9, 1960. At far left is the Art Deco brickwork of the Bell Telephone building, a 27-story building completed in 1928.

"Sippy's Trucking" garage at 30-34 Lawrence Street (far left), July 26, 1959.

Beneath the surface of New York City's bustling subway system, carrying a billion passengers yearly, lies a hidden narrative of racial disparity in fare evasion policing. We delve into three distinct locales: Jay Street-Borough Hall Station in Brooklyn, the South Bronx's 40th Precinct, and Queens' Transit District 23. Each spot unveils how minority communities face biased fare enforcement. This exploration not only exposes the underlying issues in subway policing but also connects to larger themes of racial profiling and urban inequality.

The cobblestoned Flatbush Avenue Extension, at Prince Street, February 8, 1915. The Manhattan Bridge is visible in the distance, with the Myrtle Avenue El visible in the middle ground. Below Flatbush Avenue, construction continued on the subway connection between the Manhattan Bridge tracks BMT Brighton Line. The DeKalb Avenue Station, south of this point, opened in June, 1915.

Wood-frame house at No. 87 Johnson Street, between Jay and Bridge Streets, October 4, 1959.

Sperry Gyroscope Company Building, ca. 1939. Designed by Frank Helmle and constructed in 1915-1916, the Sperry Gyroscope Company Building (today called the Howard Building) is a reinforced concrete industrial building. The Gyroscope Company was founded in 1910 by Elmer Ambrose. The gyroscope was an important new navigating tool for maritime and air travel. The location of the factory was purposeful, with the proximity to the Manhattan Bridge allowing the building to get sunlight from all directions. Built during the First World War, but prior to Americans entrance to the fighting, the factory manufactured items that aided in ship, plane, and torpedo navigation, actions that the U.S. felt they would likely be involved with soon enough. Despite further inventions and technological advances in the following decades, the Sperry Gyroscope Company was broken up by the mid century though mergers and legal actions. Today the Howard Building's largest major tenant is New York City College of Technology.

"Brooklyn: Concord Street - Jay Street. The view shows the wood-frame buildings between 117-125 Concord Street."