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Banners and Elephants: the United War Work Campaign

With the United States entering the First World War in April of 1917, many U.S. social groups began raising funds to help support the troops abroad.

ByNew-York Historical Society logoNew-York Historical Society
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St. Patrick's Cathedral
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St. Patrick's Cathedral

Few of these campaigns to raise money were as large as the United War Work Campaign, which strove to raise an ambitious hundred and seventy million dollars for the entertainment of American troops abroad.
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680 Fifth Avenue
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680 Fifth Avenue

The campaign was the result of the coordinated efforts of seven non-governmental organizations: Young Men's Christian Association, Young Women's Christian Association, Jewish Welfare Board, the American Liberty Association, the Salvation Army, the Knights of Columbus, and the War Camp Community Service.
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Temple Emanu-El (1868)
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Temple Emanu-El (1868)

While the groups had been collecting donations individually, Woodrow Wilson suggested they unite their efforts. The groups began a veritable blitz of promotion to raise awareness of their cause, with the campaign to gather pledges lasting from the 11th of November to the 18th.
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Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House
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Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House

While some groups put up posters and gave out pins, others tried some more unorthodox ways of drawing attention.
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New York City Hall
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New York City Hall

Smaller organizations competed against each other to see how much money they could raise. It was at the time, the largest drive for funds ever attempted.
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New York Stock Exchange
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New York Stock Exchange

While there was no shortage of bickering and infighting between the organizations leading up to the drive, the "seven sisters" (as the organizations were called) were able to secure a colossal amount of resources.
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Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House
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Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House

(Some might even say an Elephantine amount of money.)
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