656 West 125th Street, c. 1941

This white-bricked triangular building opened as a Shell Gas Station in 1920. By 1978, the building was repurposed as a reincarnation of Harlem's Cotton Club which operated from 1923 to 1940.

The original Cotton Club, located on Lenox Avenue and 142nd Street, was a segregated establishment where an all-white audience watched black dancers, comedians, and musicians. Acts reproduced entertainment that cast performers as exotic, savage, or "darkies" from the plantation south. Artists such as Fletcher Henderson and Duke Ellington enjoyed increased popularity after performing at the Cotton Club, though Langston Hughes criticized it as "authentic black entertainment to a wealthy, whites-only audience." The club closed in 1940.

When the new club opened at this location, Billboard magazine wrote: "if after an evening at the Cotton Club anyone fed up with the elegance can walk to the subway and pass one of Manhattan's most blighted and desolate areas."