Gracie Mansion in East River Park (now Carl Schurz Park), from East end Avenue below 86th Street, ca. 1900.

Gracie Mansion, undated (1970-90). The Archibald Gracie Mansion was built between 1799 and 1801 on the site of a former Revolutionary War fort, overlooking Hell Gate and the East River from a promontory on Manhattan’s east side, then some five miles north of city development. Gracie, a Scottish-born merchant, entertained elite guests at his new country mansion, including John Quincy Adams, Alexander Hamilton, and the future King of France, Louis Philippe I. He sold the house in 1823, in order to ease financial pressures. In 1890, the estate and its grounds were incorporated into East River Park (renamed Carl Schurz Park in 1910), with the mansion initially put to use for park functions. From 1924 to 1932, Gracie Mansion was the first home of the Museum of the City of New York. After the Museum moved to its current home on Fifth Avenue, the mansion operated as an historic house museum. However, Robert Moses had different plans. In 1942, the Parks Commissioner designated Gracie Mansion the official residence of the mayor. Fiorello La Guardia was the first mayor to occupy the house. Sixty years later, the billionaire three-term mayor Michael Bloomberg elected not to take up residence at Gracie, allowing extensive restoration work to take place during his tenure.

"That Gracie Mansion, the official home to the Mayor of the City of New York, has survived this long can be credited to its being a shape-shifter. History knows Archibald Gracie more for his house than for him. He was hard-working, industrious, scrupulous, and successful until President Jefferson’s embargo in 1807. Thereafter, it was all downhill. To pay off his debts, Gracie sold the house in 1823 to Joseph Foulkes, who later sold it to Noah Wheaton whose family kept it until his death in 1896. The family sold it to the City of New York, and not knowing what to do with it, the City of New York allowed it to languish, but never to the point where it was beyond rescue. It served time, variously as an ice cream parlor, a public bathroom, and the Museum of the City of New York. In its rooms today are fine old Georgian furniture, paintings, carpets, and some cannonballs from the days when this site was a Revolutionary battlement..." Read this post in its original context here.

Blackwell Island Lighthouse, ca. 1970. Constructed in 1872, by the Board of Governors of the Commission of Charities and Correction, the lighthouse was rendered in stone that was quaried on the island by inmates of the nearby Asylum under the direction of supervising architect was James Renwick, Jr. (of St. Patrick's Cathedral fame). The lighthouse originally sat on a piece of land connected to the main island by a bridge. Today, it is firmly attached, as the northern point of the now-named Roosevelt Island.

Judge Munson House, 1940. The Judge Munson House was a stone structure built in 1839 or 1840 by Stephen A. Halsey. Halsey, an integral figure in the development of Astoria, helped to lay its street grid, operated the ferry that traveled to Manhattan, and directed the Astoria Gas Works. The home, which was supposedly constructed from stone quarried on site, was later occupied by Captain Munson in 1866. From the 1890s until the 1940s the building housed educational facilities: first, the original Long Island City High School and later, Public School No. 9. The building was demolished during the planning of the NYCHA Astoria Houses.

Gracie Mansion ca. 1923 Built originally by Archibald Gracie, this house is beautifully situated on the East River. As the one-time home of the Museum of the City of New York, it was preserved for us; as the Mayor's house, it is well cared for today. It is probably the only one of the old country seats of Manhattan which remains a family dwelling.

Entrance to the 92nd Street Ferry, at the foot of Astoria Boulevard (formerly Fulton Street), March 9, 1931. Municipal ferry service operated from Astoria to 92nd Street between 1867 and the 1936 opening of the Triborough Bridge. Prior to the introduction of regular steam ferry services, various irregular — and unusual — private ferry operations carried passengers from Astoria to Manhattan. During the 1830s, these included Stephen Halsey’s “horse ferries,” boats powered by yoked teams of horses walking in circles on deck.

The earliest ferry to Hallets Point in the mid-1600s used the same location as the modern service – on Hallets Cove. The early boats were summoned by a bell on the opposite shore. During the Revolution, the British started regular service. Steven Halsey, the “Father of Astoria” purchased steamboats that kept regular schedule between the tip of Hallets Point and Manhattan. Service terminated with the opening the Triborough Bridge in the 1930s. There is new interest in reviving direct service to Yorkville

Rowhouses at East 87th Street and East End Avenue, ca. 1882. The corner building is No. 558 East 87th Street. This development of 32 Queen Anne houses, built between 1880-1882 by the Lamb & Rich firm and developer John Henderson, comprises the Henderson Place Historic District (so named for the one-block dead-end alley at the rear of the homes pictured).

Two small buildings (actually on 27th Avenue) were likely the two small buildings depicted in an early drawing of Ft. Stevens (a War of 1812 fortification on Hallets Point). They disappeared about 2005.

New York City has 520 miles of waterfront (which is more than Miami, Boston, Los Angeles, and San Francisco put together)! Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, with rivers that separate and surround its land, the waterways of the city have long played a major role in the development and growth of the city. The safe passage of goods, fuel, and passengers has always been of paramount importance and as such dozens of lighthouses have been erected on land and at sea, used to aid in maritime navigation. This lists highlights a few of historic lighthouses that have illuminated the waterways of the city.

Gracie Mansion has had a long and rich history since merchant and shipowner Archibald Gracie built it in 1799 as his country residence. Innumerable important figures have crossed its threshold in the years since, and it remains one of the oldest surviving Federal-style wood structures in Manhattan. This tour seeks to impart some of the illustrious history of the building that is now called the "People's House."

Octagon Tower, ca. 1970. The Blackwell's Island Asylum opened in 1839. The first lunatic asylum in the city of New York and the first municipal mental hospital in the country, the facility on Blackwell's Island (later Welfare, now Roosevelt Island) was designed by Alexander Jackson Davis. Nearly from its opening the institution was plagued by overcrowding, under-funding, and scandals. In 1887 Nellie Bly, a reporter, entered the hospital under the guise of insanity on assignment from newspaperman Joseph Pulitzer. Her resulting report, later published as "Ten Days in a Mad-House," exposed and embarrassed the institution and was a major factor in its closure. Beginning in 1894, the institution slowly emptied, continuing until the final patients were moved to new facilities in 1901. The building was then taken over by Metropolitan Hospital, which remained on the island through 1955. The Octagon Tower is the only surviving structure of the original building. It was the main entrance to the Asylum. After the Metropolitan Hospital vacated the building in the 1950s it remained vacant and was left to deteriorate. The wings of the structure were demolished and the Octagon Tower was in rough shape (seen here) when it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. In the early 2000s the building was restored and opened as the entrance to a pair of large adjacent apartment buildings.

10 Gracie Square ca. 1945 One of the most exclusive and prestigious addresses in New York 10 Gracie Square on 84th street and the east river overlooking Carl Schurz Park was designed by Pennington and Lewis in 1930. Vincent Astor the developer of Gracie Square wanted to create a new upper class residential district. Gloria Vanderbuilt, conductor Andre Kostelanetz, critic Alexander Woolcott, publishers John Fairchild and Horace Havemayer III were a few of the residents of the 42 large duplex apartments. The exterior is red brick except for the main façade in limestone with an "asymmetrical fenestration" pattern. The intriguing rooftop loggia made from square columns and chimneys sets it apart as the grandest and most desirable residence.

"The lighthouse stands at the northern tip of Roosevelt Island. Designed by James Renwick and built in 1872, the lighthouse is 50 feet tall with an octagonal shaft, and built of hewn blocks of gneiss in Gothic style. It is an imposing structure... Legend has it that before the lighthouse was built the outcropping was the site of a small fort and house belonging to the fort’s builder and who thereafter became the de facto caretaker of the property. To build the fort, the builder used materials found nearby and which were common on the island: clay, rock, dirt, and tall grasses. To get the materials to construction site on the outcropping, the builder faced an engineering challenge: the watery gap between island and outcropping. He solved his problem by creating a landfill using the clay, till, and rock. The power to accomplish all this work was supplied by the builder’s own brute strength and intelligence, working alone and by his own hand. It took determination, imagination, and time. Time was something he had in spades, as he was an inmate at the Lunatic Asylum, located just down the road apiece from the fort. His name was Thomas Maxey." Read this post in its original context here.

Carl Schurz Park, ca. 1936. This park consists of 13 acres, east of East End Ave., (left) to the East River and extending northward from Gracie Square (East 84th Street) to East 89th Street. The northern portion of this park was known as "Horn's Hook" and figured very prominently in the wars of the Revolution and 1812. This northern tip contains a spacious house, known as Gracie Mansion; built in 1813 by Archibald Gracie and later occupied by the Museum of the City of New York. The playground, walks, skating rink, landscape gardening, building improvements were all are the work of the W.P.A. Notice on the right the new Triboro Bridge (also a P.W.A. project) silhouetted against the curved span of the Hellgate.