1840s row houses on Warren Street in Cobble Hill, Brooklyn, October 9, 1960. These three-story row houses were built by John Greacen, Jr. between 1845-47, on land purchased by his father, John Greacen, Sr. in 1832. The elder Greacen lived in both Nos. 225 (far right) and 229 (second from right — No. 227 is obscured by the angle of the photograph). At the time, Warren Street was known as John Street, named for the father-and-son duo who spurred its development.

Foster Building, New Year’s Eve 1958. Built in 1898, the four-storefront-wide brick building retains much of its original detail, including pediments above each of its four residential entrances and the bold “Foster” name on a panel above the shared cornice. The origin of the Foster name is unclear; it was built by William B. Tubby for owners Mary J.F. Pratt and Ida F. Grampton.

Northeast corner of Court and Amity streets, New Year’s Eve 1958. Built for grocer Thomas McGlinn in 1848, a 20th century remodel added 160 Court Street’s signature black marble storefront.

Rogers Memorial Building of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals; February 28, 1960. Founded in 1866 by Henry Bergh, the ASPCA's first offices were in Manhattan, but the organization soon established a Brooklyn chapter and expanded nationwide. Bergh, a Lower East Side native who attended but did not graduate from Columbia, was inspired by England's Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals during his travels abroad. Among Bergh's primary concerns in founding the organization was the treatment of the city's horses, a class of work animals then powering the city's transportation and commerce. This mission is reflected in the granite trough still evident on the Butler Street sidewalk (obscured in Morrell's photo by the Chevrolet in the foreground). The ASPCA's Butler Street building was designed by the acclaimed Renwick, Aspinwall & Tucker firm, and completed in 1913. The Renaissance Revival structure was funded by donations from the prominent Bowdoin and Schermerhorn families, and, when completed, had greater square footage than the Society's Manhattan headquarters. The building doubled as a shelter facility for some animals, and was the Society's base of Brooklyn until 1979, when the building was sold. While the entablature identifies the structure as "The Rogers Memorial" building, it is unclear to which "Rogers" this dedication refers.

“336 Atlantic Ave., south side, west of Hoyt Street, showing a home bought by Mrs. Pruize from Samuel J. Krooks of No. 421 East 11th Street.” Eugene L. Armbruster, 1922. The brick, shingle-roofed house appears on Brooklyn maps as early as 1855. In Armbruster’s 1922 photograph, the Coca-Cola placard visible above the ground floor storefront may indicate a grocery or lunch counter operating in the space. Today, the shop window and entrance have been mostly enclosed while the building remains intact.

The Brooklyn community of Gowanus, centered around the Gowanus Canal, is largely made up of historic architecture directly related to the water route. Located between Park Slope and Carroll Gardens, it is considered part of Brooklyn’s industrial waterfront. The canal itself is 2.5 miles long, 100 feet wide, and stretches from Gowanus Bay in New York Harbor to Douglass Street. Unlike other industrial areas of the city, Gowanus was never densely built up, and much open space remains today. The structures that surround the canal are generally six stories or fewer, lending a low-scale, 19th-century character. This area continues to be mixed-use manufacturing with peripheral residential enclaves. Before the Gowanus Canal, there was Gowanus Creek. By 1840, industry was growing in Brooklyn, and the creek was enlarged and straightened for barge access to New York Harbor. New York State officially approved plans for the completion of the Gowanus Canal in 1866. The canal became the center of industrial growth in Brooklyn, and by 1880 there were 31 firms operating in different industries such as lumber, coal, hay, grain, oil and building materials along the canal. A decade later these industries expanded to include gas and electric utilities, which required coal and coke. Industrial development spurred residential housing surrounding the canal basin for canal workers. The Gowanus Canal was most heavily used between 1900 and 1930. As industry and traffic increased, so did pollution. A flush tunnel was incorporated into the canal in 1911 in efforts to mitigate the heavy pollution caused by industry. Regardless, after World War I the Gowanus was the busiest—and most polluted—canal in the United States. The canal’s peak was in the 1920s, with an annual rate of 25,000 vessels per year serving more than 50 different manufacturers. After World War II, use of the Gowanus Canal significantly declined. A drop-off in housing development after the war decreased the demand for building materials, a major industry of the canal, and the declining use of coal as an energy source also adversely affected business. Further, the completion of the Gowanus Expressway in 1964 replaced water transportation. As a result, active waterway sites at Gowanus decreased by 50% during this time period. In its day, the Gowanus Canal was the center of industrial growth in Brooklyn and remains a spectacular piece of commercial infrastructure. It was the main reason that Brooklyn transformed from farmland to an industrial giant in the latter half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Today the main canal remains completely intact, and over two-thirds of its walls are timber, dating to its initial construction. The design and materials of this waterway are remarkable, surviving examples of 19th-century engineering and construction. Additionally, remnants of industry dot the banks of the water, with much vernacular workers’ housing surviving as well. Historically one of New York’s most contaminated waterways, the Gowanus Canal area was designated as a Superfund Site in 2010. To protect the historic character of the neighborhood, the local community is currently working to place the Gowanus Canal Corridor on the National Register of Historic Places so that its urban industrial character is preserved.

"View of west side of Court Street between Amity Street & Congress Streets looking south. Whelan Drugs on corner right."

Court Street at Warren Street, June 5, 1961. No. 212 Court Street (right), at the southwest corner of Warren Street was at the time occupied by a bar and restaurant. In 1985, the Community Bookstore moved into the renovated space, and would become a beloved neighborhood fixture. Proprietor John Scioli, with his wife Susan, opened the first Community Bookstore in Park Slope in 1971, and later expanded with an outpost in Brooklyn Heights. When the couple divorced, in 1980, John kept the Brooklyn Heights store, while Susan retained the original Park Slope location. In 1985, after a rent hike forced the Community Bookstore to abandon its Montague Street storefront, Scioli purchased 212 Court Street for $500,000. Making his home in an upstairs apartment, Scioli amassed a collection of tens of thousands of books — rare, forgettable, and otherwise — stacked haphazardly throughout the dusty and claustrophobic ground floor. Scioli kept his own hours, usually opening in the afternoon and closing up shop late at night, and could often be found perched on his folding chair out front, cigarette in hand, sorting through new arrivals. In 2015, Scioli sold the property for $5.5 million and closed up shop for the final time a year later. The building has since been renovated, and a spare real estate office occupies the once cluttered former bookstore.

Hoyt Street, north from Douglass Street, Carroll Gardens. 1942. The building at extreme left is 244 Hoyt Street. Buildings along the east side of Hoyt Street would soon be razed for the construction of the NYCHA Gowanus Houses, completed in 1949.

Set of three rowhouses with connected iron porch, 1933. These houses date to the mid-19th century, appearing on property maps as early as 1855.

Southward view of Smith Street, crossing Atlantic Avenue, September 23, 1928. The photo was taken in preparation for the construction of the South Brooklyn segment of the IND Culver Line (today's F/G), which would connect to the Eighth Avenue Line at Jay Street. At right is the F. Figge Provisions wholesale market. Today, the market site is occupied by the Brooklyn Detention Complex.

The forty foot-wide Gothic Revival house at 223 Congress Street, 1960. Built in 1849 for use by St. Paul’s Roman Catholic Church and the Free School for Boys, it was leased to Reverend John Hughes, Bishop of New York, until at least 1870. Originally two stories with a high basement, the third floor and mansard roof were added later in the 19th century. Subsequent changes to the top-floor dormer windows provoked an uncharacteristic rebuke in the 1969 Historic District Preservation report: “It is for alterations such as these that the Commission could aid owners in achieving a distinguished result!”

End of the Gowanus Canal, from Douglass Street, west of the canal, 1960.

"Northwest corner of Court and Kane Streets, “Dr. P.I. Adesso, dental surgeon, has offices on 2nd floor,” 1958." This brick and terra cotta Queen Anne building dates to 1886, when Kane was known as Harrison Street. In addition to the dental surgeon upstairs, the ground floor pharmacy features a prominent advertisement for Ex-Lax, the laxative product then manufactured on Atlantic Avenue.

Court Street, west side, north of DeGraw Street, December 31, 1958. The Paras Court Theatre is seen at right at 292 Court Street. The theatre opened in 1924. The building included a 599-seat theatre on the main floor and a dance hall on the second floor. The local Italian community used the hall for social gatherings including the 1925 "Primo Annuale Ballo." The theatre closed in 1959 and, at some point, after that a mid-century facade was added to the main entrance way, creating a storefront with metal screens and window frames. The building functioned as a day care from 1979 and today is a Montessori school. The mid-facade has also been replaced.

Home Made Delicatessen at the corner of Court and Warren Streets, 1958. No. 210 is part of a set of Greek Revival rowhouses built between 1845-47, notable for its distinctive twin chimneys. The houses were built for John Greacen Jr., whose father John Greacen had purchased a block-and-a-half parcel of land on Warren Street (then John Street), west of Court Street (then Red Hook Lane) in 1832.

Bar at the corner of Hoyt and Bergen Streets, June 5, 1961. 148 Hoyt Street, today known as the Brooklyn Inn, is one of the oldest bars in Brooklyn. Anton Ziener opened the German tavern in 1885, with furnishings and financing from Bushwick’s Otto Huber Brewery, owners of several of the borough’s beer halls. It continued to be a German establishment through 1956, including clandestine operations during Prohibition. Since then, the bar has had several owners, but much of its original woodwork and tin ceiling remain intact. (It’s also still cash only.)

The northern end of the Gowanus Canal, February 28, 1960. The Brooklyn chapter of the ASPCA is visible across Butler Street.