5th Avenue - Berkeley Place, 1929. This corner building was one of the hundreds of James Butler' grocery stores opened by Irish immigrant Butler. The original store opened in 1882 in Manhattan with more stores added each year. In 1905, over a four month period, he opened 40 stores. Though this photograph is black and white, you should imagine that the storefront is green, as ALL of the James Butler stores were painted the same dark green. A 1910 advertisement of the store enticed with quip, "Thrift is the highway to prosperity and happiness, and every one of the James Butler groceries is an entrance to this pleasant road." By 1922 James Butler would have 577 stores open in New York, New Jersey and Long Island, and just before the business went into bankruptcy in 1935, there were more than one thousand. Butler himself died in 1934, perhaps precipitating the bankruptcy of the following year.

The city is home to more than one million school-aged children—at least an eighth of the population across the five boroughs. While there many distinct ways to be a kid in New York City, there are also some iconic experiences, places, and routines that most, if not all, city kids share as they grow up.

St. Augustine, ca. 1890. When established in 1870, St. Augustine of Hippo was the 26th Catholic Church in the City of Brooklyn. The first service was held in a rented house at house at 43 Prospect Place, and 18 members were in attendance. The community's first church was dedicated March 19, 1871. In 1888 the original church property was sold to the Union Elevated Railway Company (due to plans for an elevated line along Fifth Avenue) and the cornerstone was laid for a new church on Sixth Avenue and Sterling Place. The design of the church was completed through an architectural contest. The applicants were given the freedom to depart from more traditional styles and to "introduce as much novelty as good taste allowed." Though no prize was offered for the contest, the massive $300,000 budget was considered highly motivating. The winning architects were the Parfitt Brothers who designed a transitional English-Gothic style church with a 26-foot-square tower. It was described upon completion in 1892 as "Brooklyn's finest church" by the New York Times.

St. John’s Episcopal Church, 1960. The Victorian Gothic church was completed in 1869, becoming the permanent home of the St. John’s Episcopal parish, founded in 1826. At the time, the church building included only the transepts (left) of the current structure. The present nave and chapel (right) were added during the 1880s, by which point the corner of Seventh Avenue and St. Johns Place (renamed from Douglass Street in 1870) was home to three churches of three different denominations: St. John’s, Grace United Methodist, and Memorial Presbyterian.

New York City accommodates all juxtapositions. Spend enough time here and no two things paired together, however odd, will seem unusual. This is the city where nothing can be out of place however willy-nilly the arrangement may be: from the gently surreal sight of a coyote cowering beneath an SUV in Manhattan, to the more terrible and spectral image of ash-covered workers wandering the daytime streets of the Financial District. Whether it is welcome or not, the city will make room for it. But for all this open-armed receptiveness -- allowing this or that to suddenly and irrevocably appear and to become a new fact of city life -- the city remains a strange host and one whose ultimate indifference can seem a form of cruelty. (This story can be seen in its original context here)

This grand corner home within the Park Slope Historic District was designed by Lawrence B. Valk for Charles Pied. The corner home and the three buildings to the south were all designed in the same Romanesque Revival style. No. 21 is known as the Lillian Ward Mansion as it was once the home of Ward, a famous late 19th century singer. On the morning of December 16, 1960 two commercial airliners collided in the airspace over Staten Island. One of the pilots, attempting to land the plane in Prospect Park, came down instead at the corner of Sterling Place and 7th Avenue, directly in front of the Ward Mansion. All 128 people on both planes were killed, as well as six people on the ground. The debris scattered around the neighborhood and set more than 10 buildings on fire. A church on Sterling Place was completely destroyed while the building directly across from No. 21 had its cornice sheared off by the crashing plane. Somewhat surprisingly the mansion was left completely unharmed.

ST. AUGUSTINE’S ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH & RECTORY, BROOKLYN Address: 116-130 6th Avenue, Brooklyn Architect: Parfitt Brothers Constructed: 1888 The Gothic Revival, High Victorian style church is known as "the Cathedral of Park Slope. When it opened,The Brooklyn Daily Eagle declared St. Augustine Church “one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in the country,” and later, “one of Brooklyn’s most picturesque church.” The New York Times headline the day after the dedication declared St. Augustine: “Brooklyn’s Finest Church.” The American Institute of Architects Guide to New York City (Harcourt Brace Publishing, 1988) says of the church: It was called “Brooklyn’s finest church” by the New York Times on opening day. The church’s architectural significance placed it as one of the first slew of properties heard by the then-new Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1966. The Diocese of Brooklyn opposed any landmark designation and the church remains calendared ever since. St. Augustine’s is today a landmark of Brooklyn and Park Slope in all except official designation. LPC Statement of Significance: St. Augustine's Roman Catholic Church and Rectory are an acclaimed pair of ecclesiastical buildings, located in the heard of Park Slope, just outside of the Historic District, the church, with its tall corner tower and conical steeple, is a prominent structure, visible from a great distance. The church and rectory were designed in 1888 by Parfitt Bros., one of the major architecture firms active in Brooklyn during the late 19th century. St. Augustine's Church is a Gothic Revival style structure designed with an eclectic combination of European elements. The most unusual feature of the church is its double apse, a form derived from German architecture. Also notable are the corner towers, elongated pointed-arched windows, steep sloping roofs with slate tiles, and the trumpeting angel perched on top of the Sixth Avenue apse.

Sixth Avenue Baptist Church, February 28, 1960. Founded in 1872 following a split with the nearby Hanson Place Baptist Church, the Sixth Avenue Baptist Church first occupied a wood-frame Sunday school mission on its present site. Construction on the current church building commenced in 1880 and completed just after Christmas of that year.

"East side of Sixth Avenue between Berkeley Place and Lincoln Place, looking north."

Who said it's hot? Caption: "Who said it's hot?--The \[eleven] kids in front of 575 Carroll St., between 4th Avenue and 5th Avenue, give a demonstration on how to beat the heat as they frolic in spray from a fire hydrant. Vincent Vollaro (left), 620 Carroll St. and Dominick Montemarano, 579 Carroll St., hold their dog, Rusty, who doesn't seem to enjoy it as much as they youngsters."

78th Precinct, ca. 1928 Brooklyn’s 78th precinct was built in 1925 in a Renaissance Revival style. This building is more elegant than many of the other precincts in New York City, which are constructed to look like fortresses. But the 78th was built in the post-World War I, pre-Depression era of success that America enjoyed throughout the Roaring 20s, and resembles an upscale bank more than a police station. The building, like a few other New York precincts built in the early 1900s to the late 1920s, was constructed from limestone. The green lamps on either side of the main entrance, which can be seen on every precinct in New York, are a result of a tradition that dates back to the 1650s in New Amsterdam, when night watchmen would carry green lanterns for identification. The NYPD still uses the lanterns as a symbol of their vigilance.

"St. John's Place, west from Eighth Ave., showing Grace Methodist Episcopal Church at the right, and the Memorial Presbyterian Church at the left, in the background." This 1928 looking west along St. John's Place is unobstructed enough that the photographer could capture the steeples of the two church at the next corner at 7th Avenue. The greening of these residential streets of Park Slope have made that same view today certainly more verdant but also less far reaching. This current lush view was likely created by the Park Slope Civic Council, which in the 1950s and 1960s advocated against urban renewal demolition, for historic preservation, and for the greening of the neighborhood through the planting of thousands of trees.

Pillar of Fire Church, August 6, 1942.

Old-law tenements at 154 Fourth Avenue between Butler and Douglass Streets, October 29, 1936. A few blocks from the busy intersection depicted in Billboards and Signs, Abbott found this boarded-up row of old-law tenements. Rather than conform to the new fire and sanitation regulations, the Fulton Savings Bank, which owned the buildings, abandoned them. The geometric pattern formed by the blocked windows attracted Abbott’s eye, as did the profusion of posters for movies, sports, and cabaret on the first floor. Taken one week before election day, the photograph shows a Democratic Party campaign poster for Franklin D. Roosevelt and Herbert K. Lehman. The tenements were torn down in late 2007. Today, a twelve-story luxury development (No. 150) stands in their place.